Verifying ‘Einstein’s Time’ by Using the Equation ‘Time=Distance/ Velocity

The statement ‘Every reference-body (co-ordinate system) has its own particular time’, which appears in Einstein’s book—‘Relativity: The Special and General Theory’, is widely accepted among physicists and even by the general public with the popular interpretation that a clock in a moving body and another clock at rest in the reference stationary body will indicate different values of time.

However, upon examining the grounds for this perspective by using the equation ‘time=distance/velocity’ and using ‘the principle of the constancy of the velocity of light’, we find that the above sentence should be arranged as ‘Every reference body (coordinate system) has its own particular measurement of the time interval for the propagation of light and, also it has its own particular measurement of the interval of the light path that must be used in order to calculate its time interval. The numerical value of the ratio of these two intervals is 1:1 always.’ This implies that the pace of ticking of all clocks is identical. This fact contradicts the above popular interpretation.

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Solitary Waves for the Modified Korteweg-De Vries Equation in Deterministic Case and Random Case

In this paper, we present a new method, the so called Riccati-Bernoulli Sub-ODE method to construct exact traveling wave solutions of the nonlinear modified Korteweg-de Vries (mKdV) equation and also,we use this method in order to solve the nonlinear random modified Korteweg-de Vries (mKdV) equation. It has been shown that the proposed method is effective tools to in order to solve many mathematical physics problems. The travelling wave solutions of these equations are expressed by hyperbolic functions, trigonometric functions and rational functions. The impression of the random coefficient in our problem is studied, by using some distributions through some cases studies.

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Important Discovery of Preferred Velocity of 30000 ∓ 425 M/S of the Solar Motion of the Earth

With the recent relative advancement of Technology, particularly with the digital storage oscilloscopes, we analyze precursor signals. They became known in the literature, precursor signals. However they are usually attributed to a symmetrical Fourier analysis of square pulses with dual time components, one unnatural time prior the pulse event and second a natural time after the pulse event.

However, every arbitrary mathematical analysis may not be suitable for a particular physical case, as the complex solutions of an equation of a physical problem are usually rejected, as complex numbers solutions. Also, a particular mathematical number may be analyzed as the limit of an infinite number of numerical sequences. This does not mean that every term of each such sequence, plays a real role in a physical situation.

Convergence and the Grand Unified Theory

This paper examines the relationship between the four fundamentals forces and shows how, using fluid mechanics, electromagnetism, quantum mechanics and gravity, these forces converge on one solution just as Mathematics does. An equation for the universal processes is provided.

This paper shows how as Mathematics, namely Algebra, Linear Algebra, Geometry and Calculus, converge to one solution, so too does Fluid Mechanics, Quantum Mechanics, Electromagnetism, and Gravity converge to one solution, namely the Super force. We begin with mathematics convergence and end with Cusack’s Universal Equation. Cosmology and Quantum Mechanics are united.

Mathematical Theory of Space-Time

We hypothesize that the Universe contains observable subluminal matter (tardyons and locality) and unobservable superluminal matter (tachyons and nonlocality). By using space-time ring we establish mathematical theory of space-time with subluminal and superluminal coexistence.

The rotating motions of tardyons and tachyons produce centrifugal and centripetal (gravity) forces, respectively. This paper deduces a new gravitational formula and Newtonian gravitational formula from the tardyonic and tachyonic coexistence principle. Through the morphism we first show that tardyons and tachyons are interchangeable, but that tachyons are unobservable . We then convert the tachyonic mass into tardyonic mass We obtain gravitational coefficient η = 6.9 ×10-10.Using it we establish the expansion theory of the universe and suggest the new universe model.

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Optical Fizeau Experiment with Moving Water is Explained without Fresnel's Hypothesis and Contradicts Special Relativity

Fizeau experiment actually proves not partial, as the special relativity asserts, but complete dragging of the light by moving medium. The decrease of the fringe shift in the Fizeau's two-beam interfero meter is explained not with wrong Fresnel aether drag hypothesis but with the phase deviations arising in the interfering beams because of Doppler shift of the frequencies. Fizeau experiment does not prove but, on the contrary, refutes Einstein's theory of relativity.

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Identification of optimal topography of the barotropic ocean model in the North Atlantic by variational data assimilation

The use of the data assimilation technique to identify optimal topography is discussed in frames of time-dependent motion governed by nonlinear barotropic ocean model. Assimilation of artificially generated data allows to measure the influence of various error sources and to classify the impact of noise that is present in observational data and model parameters. The choice of length of the assimilation window in 4DVar is discussed. It is shown that using longer window lengths would provide more accurate ocean topography. The topography defined using this technique can be further used in other model runs that start from other initial conditions and are situated in other parts of the model’s attractor.

On Non ergodic Property of Bose Gas with Weak Pair Interaction

In this paper we prove that Bose gas with weak pair interaction is non ergodic system. In order to prove this fact we consider the divergences in some non equilibrium diagram technique. These divergences are analogous to the divergences in the kinetic equations discovered by Cohen and Dorfman. We develop the general theory of re-normalization of such divergences and illustrate it with some simple examples. The fact that the system is nonergodic leads to the following consequence: to prove that the system tends to the thermal equilibrium we should take into account its behavior on its boundary. In this paper we illustrate this thesis with the Bogoliubov derivation of the kinetic equations.

Newton’s laws for a biquaternionic model of the electro-gravimagnetic field, charges, currents, and their interactions

In the present paper, a biquaternionic model of the electro-gravimagnetic (EGM) field is considered, which is called energetic. For this, a complex Hamiltonian form of Maxwell equations (MEs) is used, which allows to get the biquaternionic form of these equations. Note that Maxwell gave his equations in quaternionic form, but the modern form belongs to Heaviside. 

Quaternionic forms of MEs were used by some authors for their solving. Kassandrov applied similar forms for building a unified field model. Here we use the scalar-vector form of biquaternion, which is very impressive and can be adapted for writing the physical variables and equations. Based on Newton’s laws, the biquaternionic transformation equations of charges and currents at the presence of the EGM fields are constructed. The relation of these equations to hydrodynamics equations is considered. The energy conservation law at the presence of the field interaction is found.

Statistical Models to Assess the Trends and Wav Regularities of Mass Glaciers

Different types of natural objects like oceanic waves; glaciers etc. are studied scientifically to assess the constant changes in the climate and its effect on the living organism on the planet. Applicability of statistical model to certain parameters of points that are subjected to fluctuations of balance such as the mass of glaciers of Earth is proved. This method of identification allows allocation of significant parameters of glaciers and the binary relations between them in which it will be necessary to increase the accuracy of future measurements. 

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Identification of Wave Regularities According to Statistical Data of Parameters of 24 Pulsars

The method of identification is shown on the example of tabular these measurements of six parameters at 24 pulsars. The equations of a trend and oscillatory indignations on the basis of steady laws on the generalized wave function in the form of an asymmetric wavelet signal with variables of amplitude and the period of fluctuation are received. 

On the remains it is possible to receive a set of micro fluctuations and to bring identification to an error of measurements. Schedules of components of the generalized model of a wavelet signal allow to see visually a picture of mutual influence of all six parameters of pulsars. On the revealed equations it is possible to carry out the amplitude-frequency analysis. Quality of basic data is estimated by rank distributions of values of parameters of pulsars. Thus ranging of values of parameters on a preference pre order vector "better worse" is carried out in the beginning, the rating of pulsars is formed further.

Nitrogen Dispersion

A mathematical model of free surface is presented for the study of the nitrogen injection of the gas cap for maintain of pressure, we used one model dispersion a flow in well zone. Nitrogen injected into the cap has a density greater than the original gas which has rushed to the gas-oil contact goc. Since the goc on the border there is a lot of nitrogen gas, it will spread and disperse into the oil. 

In the goc around a well about to be invaded by gas coning phenomena occur; therefore the model to interpret the output of the well must include the phenomenon of free surface. This paper proposes a method to measure the degree of contamination of the oil zone. This compositional data based on a production well before being invaded in producing interval by the gas cap. The most contaminated area of oil is close to the goc, as nitrogen is expected to exit the current production from the well just before being overcome by gas.

Pressure the Universe

In physics, mass–energy equivalence is a concept formulated by Albert Einstein that explains the relationship between mass and energy. It states every mass has an energy equivalent and vice versa. The recognition of the concept of mass–energy equivalence requires the recognition of the existence of force of pressure of the universe.

Pressure of the universe is the cause of all the movements taking place in the real world. The greatest it proves itself within the corpuscle, where under his influence shaped portion of energy that defines its mass. Let's deduce concept Universe pressure from the formula of mass-energy equivalence.

Nonholonomic Ricci Flows of Riemannian Metrics and Lagrange-Finsler Geometry

A series of the most remarkable results in mathematics are related to Grisha Perelman’s proof of the Poincare Conjecture built on geometrization (Thurston) conjecture  for three dimensional Riemannian manifolds, and R. Hamilton’s Ricci flow theory see reviews and basic references explained by Kleiner. Much of the works on Ricci flows has been performed and validated by experts in the area of geometrical analysis and Riemannian geometry. Recently, a number of applications in physics of the Ricci flow theory were proposed, by Vacaru. 

Some geometrical approaches in modern gravity and string theory are connected to the method of moving frames and distributions of geometric objects on (semi) Riemannian manifolds and their generalizations to spaces provided with nontrivial torsion, nonmetricity and/or nonlinear connection structures. The geometry of nonholonomic manifolds and non–Riemannian spaces is largely applied in modern mechanics, gravity,cosmology and classical/quantum field theory explained by Stavrinos. 

Analytical Modeling Enables One to Explain Paradoxical Situations in Behavior and Performance of Electronic Product Materials

Merits, attributes and challenges associated with the application of analytical (mathematical) predictive modeling in electronics materials science and engineering are addressed, based mostly on the author’s research during his tenure with Basic Research, Bell Laboratories and then – with UC-Santa Cruz and Portland State University, Portland, OR, USA. 

The emphasis is on some practically important, yet paradoxical (i.e., intuitively non-obvious), materials reliability- related situations/ phenomena in electronics and optics.It is concluded that all the three basic approaches in Microelectronics and Photonics Materials Science and Engineering - analytical (mathematical) modeling, numerical modeling (simulation) and experimental investigations - are equally important in understanding the physics of the materials behavior and in designing, on this basis, viable and reliable electronic devices and products. As they say, if your only tool is a hammer, all the problems look like nails to you, do they not?

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On De Broglie’s Double-particle Photon Hypothesis

Establishment of an LC equation and of a local fields equation describing permanently localized photons from the analysis of kinetic energy circulation within the energy structure of the double-particle photon that Louis de Broglie hypothesized in the early 1930's. Among other interesting features, these equations provide a mechanical explanation to the localized photon properties of self-propelling at the speed of light and of self-guiding in straight line when no external interaction tends to deflect its trajectory. This paper summarizes the seminal considerations that led to the development of the 3-spaces model.

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