Verifying ‘Einstein’s Time’ by Using the Equation ‘Time=Distance/ Velocity

The statement ‘Every reference-body (co-ordinate system) has its own particular time’, which appears in Einstein’s book—‘Relativity: The Special and General Theory’, is widely accepted among physicists and even by the general public with the popular interpretation that a clock in a moving body and another clock at rest in the reference stationary body will indicate different values of time.

However, upon examining the grounds for this perspective by using the equation ‘time=distance/velocity’ and using ‘the principle of the constancy of the velocity of light’, we find that the above sentence should be arranged as ‘Every reference body (coordinate system) has its own particular measurement of the time interval for the propagation of light and, also it has its own particular measurement of the interval of the light path that must be used in order to calculate its time interval. The numerical value of the ratio of these two intervals is 1:1 always.’ This implies that the pace of ticking of all clocks is identical. This fact contradicts the above popular interpretation.

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Solitary Waves for the Modified Korteweg-De Vries Equation in Deterministic Case and Random Case

In this paper, we present a new method, the so called Riccati-Bernoulli Sub-ODE method to construct exact traveling wave solutions of the nonlinear modified Korteweg-de Vries (mKdV) equation and also,we use this method in order to solve the nonlinear random modified Korteweg-de Vries (mKdV) equation. It has been shown that the proposed method is effective tools to in order to solve many mathematical physics problems. The travelling wave solutions of these equations are expressed by hyperbolic functions, trigonometric functions and rational functions. The impression of the random coefficient in our problem is studied, by using some distributions through some cases studies.

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Important Discovery of Preferred Velocity of 30000 ∓ 425 M/S of the Solar Motion of the Earth

With the recent relative advancement of Technology, particularly with the digital storage oscilloscopes, we analyze precursor signals. They became known in the literature, precursor signals. However they are usually attributed to a symmetrical Fourier analysis of square pulses with dual time components, one unnatural time prior the pulse event and second a natural time after the pulse event.

However, every arbitrary mathematical analysis may not be suitable for a particular physical case, as the complex solutions of an equation of a physical problem are usually rejected, as complex numbers solutions. Also, a particular mathematical number may be analyzed as the limit of an infinite number of numerical sequences. This does not mean that every term of each such sequence, plays a real role in a physical situation.

Convergence and the Grand Unified Theory

This paper examines the relationship between the four fundamentals forces and shows how, using fluid mechanics, electromagnetism, quantum mechanics and gravity, these forces converge on one solution just as Mathematics does. An equation for the universal processes is provided.

This paper shows how as Mathematics, namely Algebra, Linear Algebra, Geometry and Calculus, converge to one solution, so too does Fluid Mechanics, Quantum Mechanics, Electromagnetism, and Gravity converge to one solution, namely the Super force. We begin with mathematics convergence and end with Cusack’s Universal Equation. Cosmology and Quantum Mechanics are united.

Mathematical Theory of Space-Time

We hypothesize that the Universe contains observable subluminal matter (tardyons and locality) and unobservable superluminal matter (tachyons and nonlocality). By using space-time ring we establish mathematical theory of space-time with subluminal and superluminal coexistence.

The rotating motions of tardyons and tachyons produce centrifugal and centripetal (gravity) forces, respectively. This paper deduces a new gravitational formula and Newtonian gravitational formula from the tardyonic and tachyonic coexistence principle. Through the morphism we first show that tardyons and tachyons are interchangeable, but that tachyons are unobservable . We then convert the tachyonic mass into tardyonic mass We obtain gravitational coefficient η = 6.9 ×10-10.Using it we establish the expansion theory of the universe and suggest the new universe model.

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Optical Fizeau Experiment with Moving Water is Explained without Fresnel's Hypothesis and Contradicts Special Relativity

Fizeau experiment actually proves not partial, as the special relativity asserts, but complete dragging of the light by moving medium. The decrease of the fringe shift in the Fizeau's two-beam interfero meter is explained not with wrong Fresnel aether drag hypothesis but with the phase deviations arising in the interfering beams because of Doppler shift of the frequencies. Fizeau experiment does not prove but, on the contrary, refutes Einstein's theory of relativity.

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Identification of optimal topography of the barotropic ocean model in the North Atlantic by variational data assimilation

The use of the data assimilation technique to identify optimal topography is discussed in frames of time-dependent motion governed by nonlinear barotropic ocean model. Assimilation of artificially generated data allows to measure the influence of various error sources and to classify the impact of noise that is present in observational data and model parameters. The choice of length of the assimilation window in 4DVar is discussed. It is shown that using longer window lengths would provide more accurate ocean topography. The topography defined using this technique can be further used in other model runs that start from other initial conditions and are situated in other parts of the model’s attractor.

Identification of Wave Regularities According to Statistical Data of Parameters of 24 Pulsars

The method of identification is shown on the example of tabular these measurements of six parameters at 24 pulsars. The equations of a trend and oscillatory indignations on the basis of steady laws on the generalized wave function in the form of an asymmetric wavelet signal with variables of amplitude and the period of fluctuation are received. 

On the remains it is possible to receive a set of micro fluctuations and to bring identification to an error of measurements. Schedules of components of the generalized model of a wavelet signal allow to see visually a picture of mutual influence of all six parameters of pulsars. On the revealed equations it is possible to carry out the amplitude-frequency analysis. Quality of basic data is estimated by rank distributions of values of parameters of pulsars. Thus ranging of values of parameters on a preference pre order vector "better worse" is carried out in the beginning, the rating of pulsars is formed further.

Polignac's Conjecture with New Prime Number Theorem

In number theory, Polignac's conjecture was made by Alphonse de Polignac in 1849 and states: For any positive even number En, there are infinitely many prime gaps of size En. In other words: There are infinitely many cases of two consecutive prime numbers with difference En.

The conjecture has not yet been proven or disproven for a given value of En. In 2013 an important breakthrough was made by Zhang Yitang who proved that there are infinitely many prime gaps of size En for some value of En<70,000,000.

For En=6, it says there are infinitely many primes (p, p + 6). For En=4, it says there are infinitely many cousin primes (p, p + 4). For En=2, it is the twin prime conjecture that there are infinitely many twin primes (p, p + 2) as shown in Figure 1. For En=0, it is the new prime theorem.

Models of damped oscillators in quantum mechanics

We consider several models of the damped oscillators in nonrelativistic quantum mechanics in a framework of a general approach to the dynamics of the time-dependent Schr¨odinger equation with variable quadratic Hamiltonians. The Green functions are explicitly found in terms of elementary functions and the corresponding gauge transformations are discussed. 

The factorization technique is applied to the case of a shifted harmonic oscillator. The time evolution of the expectation values of the energy-related operators is determined for two models of the quantum damped oscillators under consideration. The classical equations of motion for the damped oscillations are derived for the corresponding expectation values of the position operator.

Pressure the Universe

In physics, mass–energy equivalence is a concept formulated by Albert Einstein that explains the relationship between mass and energy. It states every mass has an energy equivalent and vice versa. The recognition of the concept of mass–energy equivalence requires the recognition of the existence of force of pressure of the universe.

Pressure of the universe is the cause of all the movements taking place in the real world. The greatest it proves itself within the corpuscle, where under his influence shaped portion of energy that defines its mass. Let's deduce concept Universe pressure from the formula of mass-energy equivalence.

Experiments done by researchers to classify the dark matter universe

According to the scientific literature, 96% of the total amount of matter in the universe has been considered as dark matter. It consistently fills the entire universe and cannot be identified with any of the noticeable celestial bodies. Thus, it is named as dark matter because it is imperceptible.

The history of the existence of dark matter is such. The American astrophysicists A. Penzias and R. Vilson had found in the horn receiving antenna of a radio telescope the weak no vanishing background of the extra-terrestrial origin. It had not dependent on the orientation of the antenna. This radiation is called the relic. After its opening in 1968 to Penzias Vilsonu and were awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics.