A Bayesian Nonlinear Mixed-Effects Disease Progression Model

A nonlinear mixed-effects approach is developed for disease progression models that incorporate variation in age in a Bayesian framework. We further generalize the probability model for sensitivity to depend on age at diagnosis, time spent in the preclinical state and sojourn time. The developed models are then applied to the Johns Hopkins Lung Project data and the Health Insurance Plan for Greater New York data using Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo and are compared with the estimation method that does not consider random-effects from age. Using the developed models, we obtain not only age-specific individual-level distributions, but also population-level distributions of sensitivity, sojourn time and transition probability.

Get PDF Link Here

Analytical Modeling Enables One to Explain Paradoxical Situations in Behavior and Performance of Electronic Product Materials

Merits, attributes and challenges associated with the application of analytical (mathematical) predictive modeling in electronics materials science and engineering are addressed, based mostly on the author’s research during his tenure with Basic Research, Bell Laboratories and then – with UC-Santa Cruz and Portland State University, Portland, OR, USA. 

The emphasis is on some practically important, yet paradoxical (i.e., intuitively non-obvious), materials reliability- related situations/ phenomena in electronics and optics.It is concluded that all the three basic approaches in Microelectronics and Photonics Materials Science and Engineering - analytical (mathematical) modeling, numerical modeling (simulation) and experimental investigations - are equally important in understanding the physics of the materials behavior and in designing, on this basis, viable and reliable electronic devices and products. As they say, if your only tool is a hammer, all the problems look like nails to you, do they not?

Get PDF Link Here

A Class of Non-associative Algebras Including Flexible and Alternative Algebras, Operads and Deformations

There exist two types of non-associative algebras whose associator satisfies a symmetric relation associated with a 1-dimensional invariant vector space with respect to the natural action of the symmetric group Σ3. The first one corresponds to the Lie-admissible algebrasand this class has been studied in a previous paper of Remm and Goze. Here we are interested by the second one corresponding to the third power associative algebras.

Recently, we have classified for binary algebras, Cf., relations of no associativity which are invariant with respect to an action of the symmetric group on three elements Σ3 on the associator. In particular we have investigated two classes of no associativealgebras.

Parametric Resonance Applications in Neutrophil Dynamics

The profound effects of chemotherapy on the combined dynamics of the haematological stem cells and their differentiated neutrophils are examined. G-CSF is often used to deal with this neutropenia andthe response is highly variable. To shape the neutrophil response to chemotherapy and G-CSF, periodic parametric resonance is discussed. Periodic oscillation in neutrophil levels and the sub harmonic 1:2 resonance phenomena are observed with the assumption of periodic chemotherapy is given. The work is aim to stimulate further investigations and the practical applications.

Get PDF Link Here

Reasons for drug resistance in ESBL enzymes

Extended- spectrum beta- lactamases are the enzymes that have resistance against antibiotics. The spread ofantimicrobial resistance by ESBL in humans is due to edible animal meat. When these enzymes were isolated from different types of meat and tested for antibiotic susceptibility, antibiotic resistance was observed. When isolated ESBL producers subjected to PCR, the major genes of ESBL such as BLA (CTX-M, OXA, PER and GES) which are going to more resistant to three generation of cephalosporin were amplified. It is crucial and very important to follow specific treatment to control drug resistance.

Get PDF Link Here

A New Number Theory - Algebra Analysis

The article proposes some analytical considerations about the 3d algebra, and the possibilities of an extension in 3d of some standard 2d analytical functions. It takes also inconsideration some problems about the derivative and the integrals. thetransformations between the polar notation and the cartesian notation of the point P (and vice versa) give a 3d algebra definition as an extension of the sum and product of the 2d standard complex algebra.

Get PDF Link Here

Methods for Identifying Differentially Expressed Genes: An Empirical Comparison

Microarray technology, which observes thousands of gene expressions at once, is one of the popular topics in recent decades. When it comes to the analysis of microarraydata to identify differentially expressed (DE) genes, many methods have been proposed and modified for improvement. 

However, the most popular methods such as Significance Analysis of Microarrays (SAM), samroc, fold change, and rank product are far from perfect. In order to determine which method is most powerful, it comes down to the characteristics of the sample and distribution of the gene expressions. The most practiced method is usually SAM or samroc butwhen the data tends to be skewed, the power of these methods decreases. With the concept that the median becomes a better measure of central tendency than the mean when the data is skewed, the test statistics of the SAM and fold change methods are modified in this paper. This study shows that the median modified fold change method improves the power for many cases when identifying DE genes if the data follows a lognormal distribution.